Short Questions of Constitutional Law

TANMOY MUKHERJI INSTITUTE OF JURIDICAL SCIENCE

Dr. Tanmoy Mukherji

Advocate

 

Short Questions of Constitutional Law-

Tanmoy Mukherji

Advocate

1.Which Article of the Indian Constitution speaks about “Right to Education” as a Fundamental Right?

→Article 21A of the Constitution of India provides the Right to Education as a Fundamental Right.

2.When was free and compulsory education extended by the Constitution of India?

→Free and compulsory education was made a Fundamental Right by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002, which inserted Article 21A.

3.Which body regulates legal education in India?

→Legal education in India is regulated by the Bar Council of India (BCI) under the Advocates Act, 1961.

4.Which body is responsible for regulation of Higher Education in India?

→The University Grants Commission (UGC) is responsible for regulating higher education in India.

5.What is the proposed body to regulate higher education in India under the new education policy?

→Under the National Education Policy, the proposed body is the Higher Education Commission of India (HECI).

6.What are the two functions of RCI?

→The Rehabilitation Council of India (RCI):

Regulates training and education of rehabilitation professionals.

Maintains a Central Rehabilitation Register.

7.What is Judicial Review?

→Judicial Review is the power of the judiciary to examine the constitutionality of laws and executive actions and declare them invalid if they violate the Constitution.

8.What are the two functions of MCI?

→The Medical Council of India (MCI):

-Prescribed standards of medical education.

-Recognized medical qualifications and regulated medical colleges.

(Note: MCI has been replaced by the National Medical Commission.)

9.What are the two functions of UGC?

→The University Grants Commission (UGC):

-Provides grants to universities and colleges.

-Maintains and coordinates standards of higher education.

10.Which body regulates medical education in India?

→Medical education in India is regulated by the National Medical Commission (NMC).

11. What are the two functions of NAAC?

→The National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC):

-Assesses and accredits higher educational institutions.

-Promotes quality assurance and improvement in higher education.

12.When was the Kalyani University Act passed?

→The Kalyani University Act was passed in 1960.

13.Which list of the Seventh Schedule contains the subject ‘education’?

→Education is included in the Concurrent List (List III) of the Seventh Schedule after the 42nd Constitutional Amendment, 1976.

14.What is the nature of Right to Education in India?

→The Right to Education is a Fundamental Right under Article 21A of the Constitution for children aged 6–14 years. It is free and compulsory in nature.

15.Mention the Constitutional provisions of elementary education in India.

→The main constitutional provisions are:

Article 21A – Free and compulsory education (6–14 years)

Article 45 – Early childhood care and education

Article 46 – Promotion of educational interests of weaker sections

Article 51A(k) – Duty of parents to provide education

16.Under which amendment is Right to Education considered a Fundamental Right (6–14 years)?

→The 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002 inserted Article 21A making it a Fundamental Right.

17.What are the Constitutional provisions of minority rights in India?

→Minority rights are protected under:

Article 29 – Protection of language, script and culture

Article 30 – Right to establish and administer educational institutions

18.What is meant by vocational education in India?

→Vocational education refers to skill-based and career-oriented education designed to prepare individuals for specific trades, occupations, or professions.

19.Give two important features of New Education Policy, 2020.

→Two important features of the National Education Policy:

-Introduction of 5+3+3+4 curricular structure.

-Emphasis on multidisciplinary and skill-based education.

20.What is the importance of Human Rights education in India?

→Human Rights education promotes awareness about fundamental rights, equality, dignity, and democratic values, helping in building responsible citizens.

21.What do you mean by Public-Private Partnership (PPP)?

→Public-Private Partnership (PPP) is a collaborative arrangement between the government and private sector for financing, developing, and managing educational institutions or services.

22.What do you mean by Educational Tribunals?

→Educational Tribunals are quasi-judicial bodies established to resolve disputes related to educational institutions, service matters, and regulatory issues.

23.Write two functions of BCI.

→The Bar Council of India (BCI):

-Regulates legal education in India.

-Lays down standards of professional conduct and etiquette for advocates.

24.What is the aim of U.G.C.?

→The aim of the University Grants Commission (UGC) is to coordinate, determine, and maintain standards of higher education and provide grants to universities.

25.By which constitutional amendment “Right to Education” became a Fundamental Right?

→The Right to Education became a Fundamental Right by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002, which inserted Article 21A into the Constitution.

26.Which schedule of the Constitution enumerates the subject ‘education’ for making laws?

→Education is mentioned in the Seventh Schedule, under the Concurrent List (List III), after the 42nd Constitutional Amendment, 1976.

27.Who can establish and administer educational institution of their own choice under Indian Constitution?

→Under Article 30, minorities (religious and linguistic) have the right to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice.

28.Who is the national regulator of higher education in India?

→The national regulator of higher education in India is the University Grants Commission (UGC).

29.Who regulates legal education in India?

→Legal education in India is regulated by the Bar Council of India (BCI) under the Advocates Act, 1961.

30.Which body is regulating medical education in India?

→Medical education in India is regulated by the National Medical Commission (NMC), which replaced the Medical Council of India.

31.What is Public Interest Litigation (PIL)?

→Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is a legal action filed in a court for the protection of public interest, especially for the enforcement of fundamental rights of disadvantaged groups.

32.What do you mean by Judicial Review?

→Judicial Review is the power of the courts to examine the constitutionality of legislative and executive actions and to declare them void if they violate the Constitution.

33.What are the functions of State Higher Education Councils in India?

→State Higher Education Councils:

-Coordinate higher education policies at the state level.

-Plan and promote quality improvement.

-Advise the State Government on funding and reforms.

-Ensure implementation of national educational policies.

34.Which law governs the legal profession in India?

→The legal profession in India is governed by the Advocates Act.

35.What are the functions of NIRF?

→The National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF):

-Ranks higher educational institutions in India.

-Promotes transparency and competition.

-Assesses institutions based on teaching, research, outreach, and perception.

36.When was the Kalyani University established?

→The University of Kalyani was established in 1960 in West Bengal.